Articles | Volume 34, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-285-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-285-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
11 May 2022
Research article |
| 11 May 2022
| 11 May 2022
Crystallographic orientation mapping of lizardite serpentinite by Raman spectroscopy
Matthew S. Tarling
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University,
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Department of Geology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
Matteo Demurtas
Department of Earth Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Steven A. F. Smith
Department of Geology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
Jeremy S. Rooney
Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
Marianne Negrini
Department of Geology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
Cecilia Viti
Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente,
Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
Jasmine R. Petriglieri
Department of Earth Sciences, Università di Torino, Torino,
Italy
Keith C. Gordon
Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
Related authors
Matthew S. Tarling, Steven A. F. Smith, James M. Scott, Jeremy S. Rooney, Cecilia Viti, and Keith C. Gordon
Solid Earth, 10, 1025–1047, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1025-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1025-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Shear zones dominated by hydrated mantle rocks (serpentinites) occur in many tectonic settings around the world. To better understand the internal structure, composition and possible mechanical behaviour of these shear zones, we performed a detailed field, petrological and microanalytical study of the Livingstone Fault in New Zealand. We propose a conceptual model to account for the main physical and chemical processes that control deformation in large serpentinite shear zones.
Matteo Demurtas, Steven A.F. Smith, Elena Spagnuolo, and Giulio Di Toro
Solid Earth, 12, 595–612, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-595-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-595-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We performed shear experiments on calcite–dolomite gouge mixtures to better understand the behaviour of carbonates during sub-seismic to seismic deformation in the shallow crust. The development of a foliation in the gouge was only restricted to coseismic sliding, whereas fluidisation occurred over a wide range of slip velocities (sub-seismic to coseismic) in the presence of water. These observations will contribute to a better interpretation of the rock record.
Morgan E. Monz, Peter J. Hudleston, David J. Prior, Zachary Michels, Sheng Fan, Marianne Negrini, Pat J. Langhorne, and Chao Qi
The Cryosphere, 15, 303–324, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-303-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-303-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present full crystallographic orientations of warm, coarse-grained ice deformed in a shear setting, enabling better characterization of how crystals in glacial ice preferentially align as ice flows. A commonly noted c-axis pattern, with several favored orientations, may result from bias due to overcounting large crystals with complex 3D shapes. A new sample preparation method effectively increases the sample size and reduces bias, resulting in a simpler pattern consistent with the ice flow.
Sheng Fan, Travis F. Hager, David J. Prior, Andrew J. Cross, David L. Goldsby, Chao Qi, Marianne Negrini, and John Wheeler
The Cryosphere, 14, 3875–3905, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3875-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3875-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We performed uniaxial compression experiments on synthetic ice samples. We report ice microstructural evolution at –20 and –30 °C that has never been reported before. Microstructural data show the opening angle of c-axis cones decreases with increasing strain or with decreasing temperature, suggesting a more active grain rotation. CPO intensity weakens with temperature because CPO of small grains is weaker, and it can be explained by grain boundary sliding or nucleation with random orientations.
Matthew S. Tarling, Steven A. F. Smith, James M. Scott, Jeremy S. Rooney, Cecilia Viti, and Keith C. Gordon
Solid Earth, 10, 1025–1047, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1025-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1025-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Shear zones dominated by hydrated mantle rocks (serpentinites) occur in many tectonic settings around the world. To better understand the internal structure, composition and possible mechanical behaviour of these shear zones, we performed a detailed field, petrological and microanalytical study of the Livingstone Fault in New Zealand. We propose a conceptual model to account for the main physical and chemical processes that control deformation in large serpentinite shear zones.
Chao Qi, David J. Prior, Lisa Craw, Sheng Fan, Maria-Gema Llorens, Albert Griera, Marianne Negrini, Paul D. Bons, and David L. Goldsby
The Cryosphere, 13, 351–371, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-351-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-351-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Ice deformed in nature develops crystallographic preferred orientations, CPOs, which induce an anisotropy in ice viscosity. Shear experiments of ice revealed a transition in CPO with changing temperature/strain, which is due to the change of dominant CPO-formation mechanism: strain-induced grain boundary migration dominates at higher temperatures and lower strains, while lattice rotation dominates at other conditions. Understanding these mechanisms aids the interpretation of CPOs in natural ice.
Jack N. Williams, Virginia G. Toy, Cécile Massiot, David D. McNamara, Steven A. F. Smith, and Steven Mills
Solid Earth, 9, 469–489, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-469-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-469-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We present new data on the orientation of fractures, their fill, and their density around the Alpine Fault, a plate boundary fault on the South Island of New Zealand. Fractures < 160 m of the fault are filled and show a range of orientations, whilst fractures at greater distances (< 500 m) are open and parallel to the rock's mechanical weakness. We interpret the latter fracture set to reflect near-surface processes, whilst the latter are potentially linked to deep-seated Alpine Fault seismicity.
Martina Kirilova, Virginia Toy, Jeremy S. Rooney, Carolina Giorgetti, Keith C. Gordon, Cristiano Collettini, and Toru Takeshita
Solid Earth, 9, 223–231, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-223-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-223-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Graphite crystallinity “irreversibly” increases with temperature and it has been calibrated as a thermometer recording peak temperatures experienced by a rock. To examine the possibility of mechanical modifications of graphite structure and the impacts on graphite thermometry we performed deformation experiments. Raman spectroscopy demonstrates a reduction in crystallinity due to mechanical reworking in the brittle field. This finding clearly compromises the validity of the graphite thermometry.
Related subject area
Spectroscopic methods applied to minerals
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy analysis of tourmaline: protocols, procedures, and predicaments
Near-infrared signature of hydrothermal opal: a case study of Icelandic silica sinters
Vibrational properties of OH groups associated with divalent cations in corundum (α-Al2O3)
The effect of chemical variability and weathering on Raman spectra of enargite and fahlore
OH incorporation and retention in eclogite-facies garnets from the Zermatt–Saas area (Switzerland) and their contribution to the deep water cycle
Optimal Raman-scattering signal for estimating the Fe3+ content on the clinozoisite–epidote join
A framework for quantitative in situ evaluation of coupled substitutions between H+ and trace elements in natural rutile
Effect of Fe–Fe interactions and X-site vacancy ordering on the OH-stretching spectrum of foitite
Molecular overtones and two-phonon combination bands in the near-infrared spectra of talc, brucite and lizardite
Non-destructive determination of the biotite crystal chemistry using Raman spectroscopy: how far we can go?
The effect of Co substitution on the Raman spectra of pyrite: potential as an assaying tool
Theoretical OH stretching vibrations in dravite
First-principles modeling of the infrared spectrum of Fe- and Al-bearing lizardite
Structural, textural, and chemical controls on the OH stretching vibrations in serpentine-group minerals
The intracrystalline microstructure of Monte Fico lizardite, by optics, μ-Raman spectroscopy and TEM
First-principles modeling of the infrared spectrum of antigorite
A Raman spectroscopic study of the natural carbonophosphates Na3MCO3PO4 (M is Mn, Fe, and Mg)
Local mode interpretation of the OH overtone spectrum of 1:1 phyllosilicates
Low-temperature infrared spectrum and atomic-scale structure of hydrous defects in diopside
In situ micro-FTIR spectroscopic investigations of synthetic ammonium phengite under pressure and temperature
Theoretical infrared spectra of OH defects in corundum (α-Al2O3)
Nancy J. McMillan and Barbara L. Dutrow
Eur. J. Mineral., 36, 369–379, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-36-369-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-36-369-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The mineral tourmaline records the geologic environment in which it crystallizes. Methods were developed for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy analysis of tourmaline. Problems that were solved include the spacing between analysis locations to avoid the recast layer from previous analyses, the efficacy of using cleaning shots prior to data acquisition, the number of analyses needed to obtain a representative average analysis, and the effect of spectrometer drift on multivariate analysis.
Maxime Pineau, Boris Chauviré, and Benjamin Rondeau
Eur. J. Mineral., 35, 949–967, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-949-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-949-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We study Icelandic silica sinter samples formed in hot-spring environments to evaluate the effect of both temperature and microstructure on the spectral properties of hydrothermal opal. We show that spectral changes can be related to different parameters such as fluid temperatures, hydrodynamics, microbial activity, and silica micro-textures, which are specific to their environment of formation within hot-spring geothermal contexts.
Michael C. Jollands, Shiyun Jin, Martial Curti, Maxime Guillaumet, Keevin Béneut, Paola Giura, and Etienne Balan
Eur. J. Mineral., 35, 873–890, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-873-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-873-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The infrared spectrum of hydrous defects in corundum is routinely used in gemology, but the assignment of absorption bands to specific defects remains elusive. Here, we theoretically study selected defects and compare the results with available experimental data. The main results are the assignment of the
3161 cm−1 seriesto OH groups associated with Fe2+ ions and the interpretation of bands below 2700 cm−1 in corundum containing divalent cations in terms of overtones of OH bending modes.
Khulan Berkh, Juraj Majzlan, Jeannet A. Meima, Jakub Plášil, and Dieter Rammlmair
Eur. J. Mineral., 35, 737–754, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-737-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-737-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Since As is detrimental to the environment, the As content of ores should be reduced before it is released into the atmosphere through a smelting process. Thus, Raman spectra of typical As minerals were investigated, and these can be used in the industrial removal of As-rich ores prior to the ore beneficiation. An additional objective of our study was an investigation of the secondary products of enargite weathering. They play a decisive role in the release or retainment of As in the waste form.
Julien Reynes, Jörg Hermann, Pierre Lanari, and Thomas Bovay
Eur. J. Mineral., 35, 679–701, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-679-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-679-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Garnet is a high-pressure mineral that may incorporate very small amounts of water in its structure (tens to hundreds of micrograms per gram H2O). In this study, we show, based on analysis and modelling, that it can transport up to several hundred micrograms per gram of H2O at depths over 80 km in a subduction zone. The analysis of garnet from the various rock types present in a subducted slab allowed us to estimate the contribution of garnet in the deep cycling of water in the earth.
Mariko Nagashima and Boriana Mihailova
Eur. J. Mineral., 35, 267–283, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-267-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-267-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We provide a tool for fast preparation-free estimation of the Fe3+ content in Al–Fe3+ series epidotes by Raman spectroscopy. The peaks near 570, 600, and 1090 cm−1, originating from Si2O7 vibrations, strongly correlated with Fe content, and all three signals are well resolved in a random orientation. Among them, the 570 cm−1 peak is the sharpest and easily recognized. Hence, the linear trend, ω570 = 577.1(3) − 12.7(4)x, gives highly reliable Fe content, x, with accuracy ± 0.04 Fe3+ apfu.
Mona Lueder, Renée Tamblyn, and Jörg Hermann
Eur. J. Mineral., 35, 243–265, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-243-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-243-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Although rutile does not have water in its chemical formula, it can contain trace amounts. We applied a new measurement protocol to study water incorporation into rutile from eight geological environments. H2O in natural rutile can be linked to six crystal defects, most importantly to Ti3+ and Fe3+. Quantifying the H2O in the individual defects can help us understand relationships of trace elements in rutile and might give us valuable information on the conditions under which the rock formed.
Etienne Balan, Guillaume Radtke, Chloé Fourdrin, Lorenzo Paulatto, Heinrich A. Horn, and Yves Fuchs
Eur. J. Mineral., 35, 105–116, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-105-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-105-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Assignment of OH-stretching bands to specific atomic-scale environments in tourmaline is still debated, which motivates detailed theoretical studies of their vibrational properties. We have theoretically investigated the OH-stretching spectrum of foitite, showing that specific OH bands observed in the vibrational spectra of iron-rich and Na-deficient tourmalines are affected by the magnetic configuration of iron ions and X-site vacancy ordering.
Etienne Balan, Lorenzo Paulatto, Qianyu Deng, Keevin Béneut, Maxime Guillaumet, and Benoît Baptiste
Eur. J. Mineral., 34, 627–643, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-627-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-627-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The near-infrared spectra of hydrous minerals involve OH stretching vibrations, but their interpretation is not straightforward due to anharmonicity and vibrational coupling. We analyze the spectra of well-ordered samples of talc, brucite and lizardite to better assess the various factors contributing to the absorption bands. The results clarify the relations between the overtone spectra and their fundamental counterparts and provide a sound interpretation of the two-phonon combination bands.
Stylianos Aspiotis, Jochen Schlüter, Günther J. Redhammer, and Boriana Mihailova
Eur. J. Mineral., 34, 573–590, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-573-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-573-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Combined Raman-scattering and wavelength-dispersive electron microprobe (WD-EMP) analyses of natural biotites expanding over the whole biotite solid-solution series demonstrate that the chemical composition of the MO6 octahedra, TO4 tetrahedra, and interlayer space can be non-destructively determined by Raman spectroscopy with relative uncertainties below 8 %. The content of critical minor elements such as Ti at the octahedral site can be quantified as well with a relative error of ~ 20 %.
Khulan Berkh and Dieter Rammlmair
Eur. J. Mineral., 34, 259–274, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-259-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-259-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Common energy dispersive methods cannot accurately analyze low concentrations of cobalt in pyrite due to the overlapping of cobalt and iron peaks. The Raman method, on the other hand, has been shown to be very sensitive to a trace amount of cobalt. In addition, it can be applied on a rough surface, does not require a vacuum chamber, and operates with a laser instead of X-rays. Thus, Raman has the potential to be used as an assaying tool for Co-bearing pyrite.
Yves Fuchs, Chloé Fourdrin, and Etienne Balan
Eur. J. Mineral., 34, 239–251, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-239-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-239-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Information about the local structure of tourmaline-group minerals can be obtained from the characteristic OH stretching bands in their vibrational spectra. However, their assignment to specific atomic-scale environments is debated. We address this question theoretically by investigating a series of dravite models. Our results support a local role of cationic occupancies in determining the OH stretching frequencies and bring constraints for the interpretation of the vibrational spectra.
Etienne Balan, Emmanuel Fritsch, Guillaume Radtke, Lorenzo Paulatto, Farid Juillot, Fabien Baron, and Sabine Petit
Eur. J. Mineral., 33, 647–657, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-647-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-647-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Interpretation of vibrational spectra of serpentines is complexified by the common occurrence of divalent and trivalent cationic impurities at tetrahedral and octahedral sites. We theoretically investigate the effect of Fe and Al on the vibrational properties of lizardite, focusing on the OH stretching modes. The results allow us to disentangle the specific effects related to the valence and coordination states of the impurities, supporting a detailed interpretation of the experimental spectra.
Emmanuel Fritsch, Etienne Balan, Sabine Petit, and Farid Juillot
Eur. J. Mineral., 33, 447–462, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-447-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-447-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The study provides new insights into the OH stretching vibrations of serpentine species (lizardite, chrysotile, antigorite) encountered in veins of peridotite. A combination of infrared spectroscopy in the mid-infrared and near-infrared ranges and Raman spectroscopy enabled us to interpret most of the observed bands in the fundamental and first overtone regions of the spectra and to propose consistent spectral decomposition and assignment of the OH stretching bands for the serpentine species.
Giancarlo Capitani, Roberto Compagnoni, Roberto Cossio, Serena Botta, and Marcello Mellini
Eur. J. Mineral., 33, 425–432, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-425-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-425-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Unusually large lizardite (Lz) crystals from Monte Fico serpentinites, Elba (Mellini and Viti, 1994), have allowed several subsequent studies. During a µ-Raman study of serpentine minerals (Compagnoni et al., 2021), the careful microscopic examination of this Lz showed
spongymicrostructure. TEM observations confirmed that the Lz hosts voids, filled with chrysotile and polygonal serpentine; their mutual relationships indicate that Lz grew up with a skeletal habit and fibres epitactically.
Etienne Balan, Emmanuel Fritsch, Guillaume Radtke, Lorenzo Paulatto, Farid Juillot, and Sabine Petit
Eur. J. Mineral., 33, 389–400, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-389-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-389-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The infrared absorption spectrum of an antigorite sample, an important serpentine-group mineral, is compared to its theoretical counterpart computed at the density functional level. The model reproduces most of the observed bands, supporting their assignment to specific vibrational modes. The results provide robust interpretations of the significant differences observed between the antigorite spectrum and that of lizardite, the more symmetric serpentine variety.
Evgeniy Nikolaevich Kozlov, Ekaterina Nikolaevna Fomina, Vladimir Nikolaevich Bocharov, Mikhail Yurievich Sidorov, Natalia Sergeevna Vlasenko, and Vladimir Vladimirovich Shilovskikh
Eur. J. Mineral., 33, 283–297, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-283-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-283-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Carbonophosphates (sidorenkite, bonshtedtite, and bradleyite) with the general formula Na3MCO3PO4 (M is Mn, Fe, and Mg) are often found in inclusions of carbonatite and kimberlite minerals. This article presents the results of Raman spectroscopic study and a simple algorithm for diagnosing mineral phases of the carbonophosphate group. This work may be of interest both to researchers of carbonatites and/or kimberlites and to a wide range of specialists in the field of Raman spectroscopy.
Etienne Balan, Emmanuel Fritsch, Farid Juillot, Thierry Allard, and Sabine Petit
Eur. J. Mineral., 33, 209–220, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-209-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-209-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The OH overtone bands of kaolinite- and serpentine-group minerals observed in their near-infrared (NIR) spectra are widely used but their relation to stretching modes involving coupled OH groups is uncertain. Here, we map a molecular model of harmonically coupled anharmonic oscillators on the spectroscopic properties of 1:1 phyllosilicates. This makes it possible to interpret most of the observed bands and support the assignment of some of them to cationic substitutions in serpentines.
Etienne Balan, Lorenzo Paulatto, Jia Liu, and Jannick Ingrin
Eur. J. Mineral., 32, 505–520, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-505-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-505-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The atomic-scale geometry of hydrous defects in diopside is still imperfectly known despite their contribution to the Earth's water cycle. Their OH-stretching vibrations lead to a variety of infrared absorption bands. Low-temperature infrared spectroscopy makes it possible to resolve additional bands in the spectra of gem-quality natural samples. Theoretical results obtained at the density functional theory level support the assignment of the observed bands to specific atomic-scale models.
Nada Abdel-Hak, Bernd Wunder, Ilias Efthimiopoulos, and Monika Koch-Müller
Eur. J. Mineral., 32, 469–482, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-469-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-469-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The structural response of the NH4+ molecule to temperature and pressure changes is studied in ammonium phengite. The symmetry of the molecule is lowered by increasing P or decreasing T; the type and mechanism of this lowered symmetry is different in both cases. Devolatilisation (NH4+ and OH loss) of ammonium phengite is studied as well. This study confirms the wide stability range of phengite and its volatiles and thus has important implications for N and H recycling into the deep Earth.
Etienne Balan
Eur. J. Mineral., 32, 457–467, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-457-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-457-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Corundum is an important oxide mineral which can contain low amounts of hydrogen-bearing structural defects. These defects are observed by infrared spectroscopy, but their atomic-scale geometry is still uncertain. Here, a theoretical approach makes it possible to relate most of the observed infrared bands to specific atomic configurations, highlighting the key role of other chemical impurities and defect clustering in the high-temperature incorporation of hydrogen in corundum.
Cited articles
Amiguet, E., Van de Moortèle, B., Cordier, P., Hilairet, N., and
Reynard, B.: Deformation mechanisms and rheology of serpentines in experiments and in nature, J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea., 119, 4640–4655, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JB010791, 2014.
Andreani, M., Boullier, A. M., and Gratier, J. P.: Development of
schistosity by dissolution-crystallization in a Californian serpentinite
gouge, J. Struct. Geol., 27, 2256–2267,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2005.08.004, 2005.
Auzende, A. L., Daniel, I., Reynard, B., Lemaire, C., and Guyot, F.:
High-pressure behaviour of serpentine minerals: A Raman spectroscopic study,
Phys. Chem. Miner., 31, 269–277, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00269-004-0384-0,
2004.
Bachmann, F., Hielscher, R., and Schaeben, H.: Grain detection from 2d and
3d EBSD data – Specification of the MTEX algorithm, Ultramicroscopy, 111,
1720–1733, 2011.
Balan, E., Saitta, A. M., Mauri, F., Lemaire, C., and Guyot, F.:
First-principles calculation of the infrared spectrum of lizardite, Am.
Mineral., 87, 1286–1290, 2002.
Balan, E., Fritsch, E., Radtke, G., Paulatto, L., Juillot, F., Baron, F.,
and Petit, S.: First-principles modeling of the infrared spectrum of Fe-and
Al-bearing lizardite, Eur. J. Mineral., 33, 647–657, 2021.
Brownlee, S. J., Hacker, B. R., Harlow, G. E., and Seward, G.: Seismic
signatures of a hydrated mantle wedge from antigorite crystal-preferred
orientation (CPO), Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 375, 395–407,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.06.003, 2013.
Capitani, G., Compagnoni, R., Cossio, R., Botta, S., and Mellini, M.: The
intracrystalline microstructure of Monte Fico lizardite, by optics, μ-Raman spectroscopy and TEM, Eur. J. Mineral., 33, 425–432, 2021.
Charoensawan, J., Adam, L., Ofman, M., Toy, V., Simpson, J., Zhong, X., and
Schuck, B.: Fracture Shape and Orientation Contributions to P-Wave Velocity
and Anisotropy of Alpine Fault Mylonites, Front. Earth Sci., 9, 238, https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.645532, 2021.
Compagnoni, R., Cossio, R., and Mellini, M.: Raman anisotropy in serpentine
minerals, with a caveat on identification, J. Raman Spectrosc., https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.6128, 2021.
Dempsey, E. D., Prior, D. J., Mariani, E., Toy, V. G., and Tatham, D. J.:
Mica-controlled anisotropy within mid-to-upper crustal mylonites: an EBSD
study of mica fabrics in the Alpine Fault Zone, New Zealand, Geol. Soc.
Lond. Spec. Publ., 360, 33–47, 2011.
Evans, B. W.: The Serpentinite Multisystem Revisited: Chrysotile Is
Metastable, Int. Geol. Rev., 46, 479–506,
https://doi.org/10.2747/0020-6814.46.6.479, 2004.
Evans, B. W., Hattori, K., and Baronnet, A.: Serpentinite: what, why,
where?, 9, 99–106, https://doi.org/10.2113/gselements.9.2.99, 2013.
Farmer, V. C.: Differing effects of particle size and shape in the infrared
and Raman spectra of kaolinite, Clay Miner., 33, 601–604, 1998.
Farmer, V. C.: Transverse and longitudinal crystal modes associated with OH
stretching vibrations in single crystals of kaolinite and dickite,
Spectrochim. Acta A, 56, 927–930, 2000.
Fritsch, E., Balan, E., Petit, S., and Juillot, F.: Structural, textural,
and chemical controls on the OH stretching vibrations in serpentine-group
minerals, Eur. J. Mineral., 33, 447–462, 2021.
Fuchs, Y., Linares, J., and Mellini, M.: Mössbauer and infrared
spectrometry of lizardite-1T from Monte Fico, Elba, Phys. Chem. Miner., 26,
111–115, 1998.
Gailhanou, H., Blanc, P., Mikaelian, G., Rogez, J., and Kawaji, H.:
Thermodynamic properties of lizardite, determined by calorimetry. International Symposium on Solubility Phenomena and Related Equilibrium Processes (ISSP), Tours, France, HAL Id:
hal-01720566, https://hal-brgm.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01720566 (last access: 26 July 2021), 2018.
Gregorkiewitz, M., Lebech, B., Mellini, M., and Viti, C.: Hydrogen positions
and thermal expansion in lizardite-1T from Elba; a low-temperature study
using Rietveld refinement of neutron diffraction data, Am. Mineral., 81,
1111–1116, https://doi.org/10.2138/am-1996-9-1008, 1996.
Hielscher, R. and Schaeben, H.: A novel pole figure inversion method:
specification of the MTEX algorithm, J. Appl. Crystallogr., 41, 1024–1037,
2008.
Hilairet, N., Daniel, I., and Reynard, B.: P-V equations of state and the
relative stabilities of serpentine varieties, Phys. Chem. Miner., 33,
629–637, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00269-006-0111-0, 2006.
Hirose, T., Bystricky, M., Kunze, K., and Stünitz, H.: Semi-brittle flow
during dehydration of lizardite–chrysotile serpentinite deformed in
torsion: Implications for the rheology of oceanic lithosphere, Earth Planet.
Sc. Lett., 249, 484–493, 2006.
Inoue, S. and Kogure, T.: Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analyses
of phyllosilicates in petrographic thin sections, Am. Mineral., 97,
755–758, 2012.
Ishibashi, H., Arakawa, M., Ohi, S., Yamamoto, J., Miyake, A., and Kagi, H.:
Relationship between Raman spectral pattern and crystallographic orientation
of a rock-forming mineral: a case study of Fo89Fa11 olivine, J. Raman
Spectrosc. An Int. J. Orig. Work all Asp. Raman Spectrosc. Incl. High. Order
Process. also Brillouin Rayleigh Scatt., 39, 1653–1659, 2008.
Jung, H.: Seismic anisotropy produced by serpentine in mantle wedge, Earth
Planet. Sc. Lett., 307, 535–543, 2011.
Katayama, I., Hirauchi, K., Michibayashi, K., and Ando, J.: Trench-parallel
anisotropy produced by serpentine deformation in the hydrated mantle wedge,
Nature, 461, 1114–1117, 2009.
Kloprogge, J. T.: Raman spectroscopy of clay minerals, in: Developments in
clay science, edited by: Gates, W. P., Kloprogge, J. T., Madejová, J., and Bergaya, F., Vol. 8, Elsevier, 150–199, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100355-8.00006-0, 2017.
Kronenberg, A. K., Kirby, S. H., and Pinkston, J.: Basal slip and mechanical
anisotropy of biotite, J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea., 95, 19257–19278, 1990.
Lee, J., Jung, H., Klemd, R., Tarling, M. S., and Konopelko, D.: Lattice
preferred orientation of talc and implications for seismic anisotropy in
subduction zones, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 537, 116178, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116178, 2020.
Maltman, A. J.: Serpentinite textures in Anglesey, North Wales, United
Kingdom, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 89, 972–980, 1978.
Mellini, M. and Viti, C.: Crystal structure of lizardite-1T from Elba,
Italy, Am. Mineral., 79, 1194–1198, 1994.
Nagaya, T., Okamoto, A., Oyanagi, R., Seto, Y., Miyake, A., Uno, M., Muto,
J., and Wallis, S. R.: Crystallographic preferred orientation of talc
determined by an improved EBSD procedure for sheet silicates: Implications
for anisotropy at the slab–mantle interface due to Si-metasomatism, Am.
Mineral. J. Earth Planet. Mater., 105, 873–893, 2020.
Padrón-Navarta, J. A., Tommasi, A., Garrido, C. J., and López
Sánchez-Vizcaíno, V.: Plastic deformation and development of
antigorite crystal preferred orientation in high-pressure serpentinites,
Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 349–350, 75–86,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2012.06.049, 2012.
Petriglieri, J. R., Salvioli-Mariani, E., Mantovani, L., Tribaudino, M.,
Lottici, P. P., Laporte-Magoni, C., and Bersani, D.: Micro-Raman mapping of
the polymorphs of serpentine, J. Raman Spectrosc., 46, 953–958, 2015.
Prencipe, M., Noel, Y., Bruno, M., and Dovesi, R.: The vibrational spectrum
of lizardite-1 T [Mg3Si2O5 (OH)4] at the Γ point: A contribution
from an ab initio periodic B3LYP calculation, Am. Mineral., 94, 986–994,
2009.
Prior, D. J., Mariani, E., and Wheeler, J.: EBSD in the Earth Sciences: Applications, Common Practice, and Challenges, in: Electron Backscatter Diffraction in Materials Science, Schwarz, A. J., Kumar, M. Adams, B. L., and Field, D. P., Springer US, Boston, MA, 2009.
Reynard, B.: Serpentine in active subduction zones, Lithos, 178, 171–185,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2012.10.012, 2013.
Rinaudo, C., Gastaldi, D., and Belluso, E.: Characterization of chrysotile,
antigorite and lizardite by FT-Raman spectroscopy, Can. Mineral., 41,
883–890, https://doi.org/10.2113/gscanmin.41.4.883, 2003.
Rooney, J. S., Tarling, M. S., Smith, S. A. F., and Gordon, K. C.: Submicron
Raman spectroscopy mapping of serpentinite fault rocks, J. Raman Spectrosc.,
49, 279–286, https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.5277, 2018.
Rumori, C., Mellini, M., and Viti, C.: Oriented, non-topotactic olivine?
serpentine replacement in mesh-textured, serpentinized peridotites, Eur. J.
Mineral., 16, 731–741, 2004.
Shebanova, O. N. and Lazor, P.: Raman study of magnetite (Fe3O4):
laser-induced thermal effects and oxidation, J. Raman Spectrosc., 34,
845–852, 2003.
Soda, Y. and Wenk, H. R.: Antigorite crystallographic preferred orientations
in serpentinites from Japan, Tectonophysics, 615–616, 199–212,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2013.12.016, 2014.
Tarling, M. S., Rooney, J. S., Viti, C., Smith, S. A. F., and Gordon, K. C.:
Distinguishing the Raman spectrum of polygonal serpentine, J. Raman
Spectrosc., 49, 1978–1984, https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.5475, 2018.
Tarling, M. S., Smith, S. A. F., Scott, J. M., Rooney, J. S., Viti, C., and Gordon, K. C.: The internal structure and composition of a plate-boundary-scale serpentinite shear zone: the Livingstone Fault, New Zealand, Solid Earth, 10, 1025–1047, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1025-2019, 2019.
Tarling, M. S., Smith, S. A. F., Rooney, J. S., Viti, C., and Gordon, K. C.:
A common type of mineralogical banding in serpentine crack-seal veins, Earth
Planet. Sc. Lett., 564, 116930, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2021.116930, 2021.
Tarling, M. S., Demurtas, M., Smith, S. A. F., Rooney, J. S., Negrini, M., Viti, C., Petriglieri, J. R., and Gordon, K. C.: Data for Crystallographic orientation mapping of lizardite serpentinite by Raman spectroscopy, Zenodo [data set], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6192312, 2022.
Tesar, K., Gregora, I., Beresova, P., Vanek, P., Ondrejkovic, P., and
Hlinka, J.: Raman scattering yields cubic crystal grain orientation, Sci.
Rep.-UK, 9, 1–8, 2019.
Tesei, T., Harbord, C. W. A., De Paola, N., Collettini, C., and Viti, C.:
Friction of Mineralogically Controlled Serpentinites and Implications for
Fault Weakness, J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea., 123, 6976–6991, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JB016058, 2018.
Trittschack, R., Grobéty, B., and Koch-Müller, M.: The lizardite
phase transformation followed by in situ high-temperature Raman and FTIR
spectroscopy, Am. Mineral., 97, 1965–1976,
https://doi.org/10.2138/am.2012.4162, 2012.
Van De Moortèle, B., Bezacier, L., Trullenque, G., and Reynard, B.:
Electron back-scattering diffraction (EBSD) measurements of antigorite
lattice-preferred orientations (LPO), J. Microsc., 239, 245–248,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2818.2010.03398.x, 2010.
Viti, C.: Serpentine minerals discrimination by thermal analysis, Am.
Mineral., 95, 631–638, 2010.
Viti, C. and Hirose, T.: Dehydration reactions and micro/nanostructures in
experimentally-deformed serpentinites, Contrib. Mineral. Petr., 157,
327–338, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-008-0337-6, 2009.
Viti, C. and Hirose, T.: Thermal decomposition of serpentine during
coseismic faulting: Nanostructures and mineral reactions, J. Struct. Geol.,
32, 1476–1484, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2010.09.009, 2010.
Viti, C. and Mellini, M.: Contrasting chemical compositions in associated
lizardite and chrysotile in veins from Elba, Italy, Eur. J. Mineral., 9,
585–596, https://doi.org/10.1127/ejm/9/3/0585, 1997.
Viti, C. and Mellini, M.: Mesh textures and bastites in the Elba retrograde
serpentinites, Eur. J. Miner., 10, 1341–1359,
https://doi.org/10.1127/ejm/10/6/1341, 1998.
Viti, C., Collettini, C., Tesei, T., Tarling, M. S., and Smith, S. A. F.:
Deformation Processes, Textural Evolution and Weakening in Retrograde
Serpentinites, 8, 241, https://doi.org/10.3390/min8060241, 2018.
Wang, K., Huang, T., Tilmann, F., Peacock, S. M., and Lange, D.: Role of
Serpentinized mantle wedge in affecting Megathrust Seismogenic behavior in
the area of the 2010 M=8.8 Maule earthquake, Geophys. Res. Lett., 47,
e2020GL090482, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL090482, 2020.
Wang, S.-L. and Johnston, C. T.: Assignment of the structural OH stretching
bands of gibbsite, Am. Mineral., 85, 739–744, 2000.
Zhong, X., Loges, A., Roddatis, V., and John, T.: Measurement of
crystallographic orientation of quartz crystal using Raman spectroscopy:
application to entrapped inclusions, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 176,
1–20, 2021.
Short summary
Rocks containing the serpentine mineral lizardite occur in many tectonic settings. Knowing the crystal orientation of lizardite in these rocks tells us how they deform and gives insights into their physical properties. The crystal orientation of lizardite is challenging to obtain using standard techniques. To overcome this challenge, we developed a method using Raman spectroscopy to map the crystal orientation of lizardite with minimal preparation on standard thin sections.
Rocks containing the serpentine mineral lizardite occur in many tectonic settings. Knowing the...
