Articles | Volume 37, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-37-233-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-37-233-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Average structure and microstructure of synchysite-(Ce) from Cuasso al Monte (Varese, Italy)
Roberto Conconi
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 4, 20126, Milan, Italy
UMR 8207–UMET–Unitè Matériaux et Transformations, Université de Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, Villeneuve-d'Ascq, 59655, Lille, France
Marco Merlini
Department of Earth Sciences “Ardito Desio”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Botticelli 23, Milan, 20133, Italy
Patrizia Fumagalli
Department of Earth Sciences “Ardito Desio”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Botticelli 23, Milan, 20133, Italy
Enrico Mugnaioli
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Pisa, Via S. Maria 53, 56126, Pisa, Italy
CISUP, University of Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44, 56126, Pisa, Italy
Luigi Folco
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Pisa, Via S. Maria 53, 56126, Pisa, Italy
CISUP, University of Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44, 56126, Pisa, Italy
Giancarlo Capitani
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 4, 20126, Milan, Italy
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Benedetta Chrappan Soldavini, Marco Merlini, Mauro Gemmi, Paola Parlanti, Patrizia Fumagalli, Sula Milani, Boby Joseph, Giorgio Bais, Maurizio Polentarutti, Alexander Kurnosov, and Stefano Poli
Eur. J. Mineral., 37, 13–24, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-37-13-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-37-13-2025, 2025
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The CaSiO3 system exhibits structural complexity with various polymorphs under different pressure and temperature conditions. This study stabilizes a new high-pressure polymorph, parabreyite, via multianvil syntheses at 4–5 GPa and 600–800 °C. Parabreyite's triclinic structure, with distinct threefold tetrahedral rings, was solved using 3D electron diffraction and X-ray diffraction. Elastic properties, thermal expansion and Raman spectra differences with breyite were analyzed.
Cristian Biagioni, Enrico Mugnaioli, Sofia Lorenzon, Daniela Mauro, Silvia Musetti, Jiří Sejkora, Donato Belmonte, Nicola Demitri, and Zdeněk Dolníček
Eur. J. Mineral., 36, 1011–1022, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-36-1011-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-36-1011-2024, 2024
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Nannoniite, Al2(OH)5F, is a new mineral species discovered in the Cetine di Cotorniano mine (Tuscany, Italy). Its description was possible through a multi-technique approach, and its crystal structure was solved through three-dimensional electron diffraction, revealing close relations with gibbsite. The partial replacement of (OH) by F induces subtle by detectable structural changes. This study reveals that Al hydroxides could be a source of F in geological environments.
Alessandro F. Gualtieri, Simona Marchetti Dori, Daniele Malferrari, Tommaso Giovanardi, Riccardo Fantini, Francesco Colombo, Mattia Sisti, Rossella Arletti, Maria Cristina Gamberini, Eleonora Braschi, Andrea Orlando, and Enrico Mugnaioli
Eur. J. Mineral., 36, 749–765, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-36-749-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-36-749-2024, 2024
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This work deals with a challenging case of a commercial clay from Gomsiqe–Puka (Albania) contaminated by mineral fibres. Detection and quantification of asbestos in this material push the boundaries of current experimental methods. Using TEM, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and EPMA, we identified the presence of asbestos tremolite, along with a rare fibrous variety of diopside. The impact of milling on the detection and quantification of mineral fibres was also evaluated.
Luca Barale, Giancarlo Capitani, Paolo Castello, Roberto Compagnoni, Roberto Cossio, Gianluca Fiore, Linda Pastero, and Marcello Mellini
Eur. J. Mineral., 35, 347–360, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-347-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-347-2023, 2023
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The first occurrence of centimeter-thick PS-15 polygonal serpentine veins from ultramafics of Monte Avic, Val d'Aosta, is here reported. The combined mineralogical study led by three techniques with different resolutions has provided new analytical tools capable of recognizing the PS-15 polygonal serpentine. In particular, X-ray powder diffraction data (XRPD) and micro-Raman recognize polygonal serpentine more quickly and easily than transmission electron microscopy (TEM) but equally rigorously.
Sula Milani, Deborah Spartà, Patrizia Fumagalli, Boby Joseph, Roberto Borghes, Valentina Chenda, Juliette Maurice, Giorgio Bais, and Marco Merlini
Eur. J. Mineral., 34, 351–358, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-351-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-351-2022, 2022
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This work presents new thermoelastic parameters and the structural evolution of burbankite at high pressure and high temperature, obtained by in situ synchrotron radiation single-crystal diffraction measurements. Burbankite is a carbonate that may potentially play a key role as an upper-mantle reservoir of light REE3+. We observed that the density of burbankite is greater with respect to carbonatitic magmas, indicating a possible fractionation of this phase in upper-mantle conditions.
Giulio Borghini, Patrizia Fumagalli, and Elisabetta Rampone
Eur. J. Mineral., 34, 109–129, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-109-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-109-2022, 2022
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The mineralogical and chemical heterogeneity of the mantle is poorly known because it is not able to be directly investigated. Melt–peridotite interaction processes play a fundamental role in controlling the mantle composition. The results of our reaction experiments help us to evaluate the role of temperature and melt composition in the modification of the mantle through the interaction with pyroxenite-derived melts with implications for the evolution of a veined mantle.
Enrico Cannaò, Massimo Tiepolo, Giulio Borghini, Antonio Langone, and Patrizia Fumagalli
Eur. J. Mineral., 34, 35–57, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-35-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-35-2022, 2022
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Amphibole–liquid partitioning of elements of geological relevance is experimentally derived at conditions compatible with those of the Earth's upper mantle. Experiments are carried out at different oxygen fugacity conditions and variable Cl content in order to investigate their influence on the amphibole–liquid partition coefficients. Our results point to the capability of amphibole to act as filter for trace elements at upper-mantle conditions, oxidized conditions, and Cl-rich environments.
Enrico Cannaò, Federica Schiavi, Giulia Casiraghi, Massimo Tiepolo, and Patrizia Fumagalli
Eur. J. Mineral., 34, 19–34, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-19-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-19-2022, 2022
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Detailed knowledge of the mechanisms ruling water incorporation in amphibole is essential to understand how much water can be fixed at upper-mantle conditions by this mineral. We provide the experimental evidence of the Cl effect on the oxo-substitution and the incorporation of water in amphibole. Finally, we highlight the versatility of confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy as an analytical tool to quantify water in amphibole.
Giancarlo Capitani, Roberto Compagnoni, Roberto Cossio, Serena Botta, and Marcello Mellini
Eur. J. Mineral., 33, 425–432, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-425-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-425-2021, 2021
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Unusually large lizardite (Lz) crystals from Monte Fico serpentinites, Elba (Mellini and Viti, 1994), have allowed several subsequent studies. During a µ-Raman study of serpentine minerals (Compagnoni et al., 2021), the careful microscopic examination of this Lz showed
spongymicrostructure. TEM observations confirmed that the Lz hosts voids, filled with chrysotile and polygonal serpentine; their mutual relationships indicate that Lz grew up with a skeletal habit and fibres epitactically.
Giulio Borghini and Patrizia Fumagalli
Eur. J. Mineral., 32, 251–264, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-251-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-251-2020, 2020
Related subject area
X-ray and mineral structure
The thermal expansion of monticellite and olivine
Crystal chemistry of K-tourmalines from the Kumdy-Kol microdiamond deposit, Kokchetav Massif, Kazakhstan
Atomic-scale environment of niobium in ore minerals as revealed by XANES and EXAFS at the Nb K-edge
Structural and compositional data for childrenite from the Homolka granite, Czech Republic
Bobtraillite from Gejiu hyperagpaitic nepheline syenite, southwestern China: new occurrence and crystal structure
Iron oxide inclusions and exsolution textures of rainbow lattice sunstone
Contribution to the crystal chemistry of lead-antimony sulfosalts: systematic Pb-versus-Sb crossed substitution in the plagionite homologous series, Pb2N − 1(Pb1 − xSbx)2(Sb1 − xPbx)2Sb6S13+2N
Structural study of decrespignyite-(Y), a complex yttrium rare earth copper carbonate chloride, by three-dimensional electron and synchrotron powder diffraction
Mullite-2c – a natural polytype of mullite
Guy Hovis and Mario Tribaudino
Eur. J. Mineral., 37, 181–190, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-37-181-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-37-181-2025, 2025
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This paper provides new data on the thermal expansion of the mineral monticellite. Although thermal expansion was already reported in 1978, the data are scant and do not allow us to compare with the new data on olivine, a common mineral. We chose monticellite because it is a mineral slag formed in a blast and ladle furnace, with refractory properties. Moreover, its behaviour matters in predicting the conditions in which a rock was formed.
Beatrice Celata, Ferdinando Bosi, Kira A. Musiyachenko, Andrey V. Korsakov, and Giovanni B. Andreozzi
Eur. J. Mineral., 36, 797–811, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-36-797-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-36-797-2024, 2024
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The discovery of the K-dominant tourmaline maruyamaite with microdiamond inclusions suggested its ultrahigh-pressure formation. We analyzed the role of K in the tourmaline structure, with a special focus on its stability. High pressure is necessary to squeeze the large cation K+ in the stiff framework of tourmaline, although K is the underdog component if Na+ is present in the mineralizing fluid. K-tourmaline is stable at high pressure, overcoming the stereotype of a mere crustal component.
Quentin Bollaert, Mathieu Chassé, Guillaume Morin, Benoît Baptiste, Alexandra Courtin, Laurence Galoisy, Gautier Landrot, Cécile Quantin, and Georges Calas
Eur. J. Mineral., 36, 55–72, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-36-55-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-36-55-2024, 2024
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X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was successfully used to investigate the atomic-scale environment of niobium (Nb) in ore minerals and Nb-doped compounds of technological importance. The demonstrated sensitivity of this technique to Nb minerals could help decipher Nb speciation in mining contexts such as hydrothermal and lateritic deposits and rationalize the origin of the enhanced physico-chemical properties of Nb-doped materials.
Jonas Toupal, Daniela Mauro, Cristian Biagioni, Federica Zaccarini, and Reto Gieré
Eur. J. Mineral., 36, 1–10, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-36-1-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-36-1-2024, 2024
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In this work, we refine the crystal structure of childrenite. Additionally, we provide compositional data to substantially extend the published solid-solution series between childrenite and eosphorite, the Fe and Mn endmembers, respectively. We analyze the valence state of iron to avoid erroneous classification of ernstite or potential discovery of "oxychildrenite", a mineral species not yet confirmed to be stable in nature.
Yanjuan Wang, Fabrizio Nestola, Zengqian Hou, Xiangping Gu, Guochen Dong, Zhusen Yang, Guang Fan, Zhibin Xiao, and Kai Qu
Eur. J. Mineral., 35, 65–74, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-65-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-65-2023, 2023
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Bobtraillite is an extremely rare cyclosilicate with a unique composition and complex structure. In this paper, we describe the second occurrence of the extremely rare complex zirconium silicate. The results suggest that the ideal formula of bobtraillite could be written as (Na, □)12(□, Na)12Sr12Zr14(Si3O9)10[Si2BO7(OH)2]6·12H2O.
Shiyun Jin, Ziyin Sun, and Aaron C. Palke
Eur. J. Mineral., 34, 183–200, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-183-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-183-2022, 2022
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The inclusions and exsolution lamellae in rainbow lattice sunstone (RLS) are studied using microscopic observations, chemical analyses and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complicated processes producing the aventurescence and adularescence effect in RLS are revealed through the spatial relationship among the inclusions and exsolution lamellae, as well as the unique ordering pattern in the feldspar structures.
Yves Moëlo and Cristian Biagioni
Eur. J. Mineral., 32, 623–635, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-623-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-623-2020, 2020
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The plagionite group is a family of complex sulfides (
lead-antimony sulfosalts) encountered in various Pb-Cu-Zn ore deposits. Analysis of these crystal structures confirms a systematic Pb-versus-Sb substitution in two adjacent cation positions. Such a substitution varies according not only to the Pb / Sb ratio of each member but also, apparently, to the kinetics of crystallization. Re-examination of a Pb-free synthetic derivative permitted its redefinition as a Na-Sb sulfosalt.
Jordi Rius, Fernando Colombo, Oriol Vallcorba, Xavier Torrelles, Mauro Gemmi, and Enrico Mugnaioli
Eur. J. Mineral., 32, 545–555, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-545-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-545-2020, 2020
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The crystal structure of the mineral decrespignyite-(Y) from the Paratoo copper mine (South Australia) has been obtained by applying δ recycling direct methods to 3D electron diffraction data followed by Rietveld refinements of synchrotron powder diffraction data. Its structure mainly shows a metal layer sequence of polyhedra interconnecting hexanuclear (octahedral) oxo-hydroxo yttrium clusters along a ternary axis or tilted clusters to hetero-tetranuclear ones hosting Cu, Y and rare earths.
Stephan Lenz, Johannes Birkenstock, Lennart A. Fischer, Hartmut Schneider, and Reinhard X. Fischer
Eur. J. Mineral., 32, 235–249, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-235-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-235-2020, 2020
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A mineral from Ettringer Bellerberg (Eifel, Germany) proved to be a polytype of the important ceramic-phase mullite termed mullite-2c, with – similar to sillimanite – doubling of the c lattice parameter due to strong (Si,Al) order in tetrahedral diclusters and – similar to mullite – presence of oxygen vacancies and tetrahedral triclusters due to Al / Si > 1 in diclusters. Crystals were characterised using single-crystal XRD, electron microprobe
analysis (EMPA) and spindle-stage optical methods.
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Short summary
The study of minerals at microscopic and nanoscopic scales is essential for understanding the processes behind their formation. Indeed, by examining minerals in such detail, it is possible to uncover the underlying mechanisms that govern mineral development, from crystal growth to chemical reactions, providing insights into broader geological and environmental processes. The understanding of these processes is especially crucial when minerals contain elements valuable to various industries.
The study of minerals at microscopic and nanoscopic scales is essential for understanding the...