Chen, B., Jackson, J., Sturhahn, W., Zhang, D., Zhao, J., Wicks, J., and
Murphy, C.: Spin crossover equation of state and sound velocities of
(Mg
0.65Fe
0.35)O ferropericlase to 140 GPa, J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea., 117, 8208,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JB009162, 2012.
a
Cobden, L., Goes, S., Ravenna, M., Styles, E., Cammarano, F., Gallagher, K.,
and Connolly, J. A. D.: Thermochemical interpretation of 1-D seismic data
for the lower mantle: The significance of nonadiabatic thermal gradients and
compositional heterogeneity, J. Geophys.-Res.-Sol. Ea.,
114, B11309,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB006262, 2009.
a
Cobden, L., Mosca, I., Trampert, J., and Ritsema, J.: On the likelihood of
post-perovskite near the core–mantle boundary: A statistical interpretation
of seismic observations, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors,
210–211, 21–35,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2012.08.007, 2012.
a
Crowhurst, J. C., Brown, J. M., Goncharov, A. F., and Jacobsen, S. D.:
Elasticity of (Mg,Fe)O Through the Spin Transition of Iron in the Lower
Mantle, Science, 319, 451–453,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1149606, 2008.
a
de Wit, R. W. L., Valentine, A. P., and Trampert, J.: Bayesian inference of
Earth's radial seismic structure from body-wave traveltimes using neural
networks, Geophys. J. Int., 195, 408–422,
https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggt220, 2013.
a
Fan, D., Fu, S., Yang, J., Tkachev, S., Prakapenka, V., and Lin, J.-F.:
Elasticity of single-crystal periclase at high pressure and temperature: The
effect of iron on the elasticity and seismic parameters of ferropericlase in
the lower mantle, Am. Mineral., 104, 262–275,
https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2019-6656, 2019.
a,
b,
c
Fei, Y., Zhang, L., Corgne, A., Watson, H., Ricolleau, A., Meng, Y., and
Prakapenka, V.: Spin transition and equations of state of (Mg, Fe)O solid
solutions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L17307,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL030712, 2007.
a
Finkelstein, G. J., Jackson, J. M., Said, A., Alatas, A., Leu, B. M., Sturhahn,
W., and Toellner, T. S.: Strongly Anisotropic Magnesiowüstite in Earth's
Lower Mantle, J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea., 123, 4740–4750,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JB015349, 2018.
a,
b,
c
French, S. W. and Romanowicz, B. A.: Whole-mantle radially anisotropic shear
velocity structure from spectral-element waveform tomography, Geophys.
J. Int., 199, 1303–1327,
https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggu334, 2014.
a
Fukui, H., Katsura, T., Kuribayashi, T., Matsuzaki, T., Yoneda, A., Ito, E.,
Kudoh, Y., Tsutsui, S., and Baron, A. Q. R.: Precise determination of
elastic constants by high-resolution inelastic X-ray scattering, J.
Synchrotron Radiat., 15, 618–623,
https://doi.org/10.1107/S0909049508023248, 2008.
a,
b,
c
Giura, P., Paulatto, L., He, F., Lobo, R. P. S. M., Bosak, A., Calandrini, E.,
Paolasini, L., and Antonangeli, D.: Multiphonon anharmonicity of MgO, Phys.
Rev. B, 99, 220304,
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.220304, 2019.
a
Isaak, D. G., L., A. O., and Goto, T.: Measured elastic moduli of
single-crystal MgO up to 1800 K, Phys. Chem. Miner., 16,
704–713,
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00223321, 1989.
a,
b,
c,
d
Jacobsen, S. D., Reichmann, H.-J., Spetzler, H. A., Mackwell, S. J., Smyth,
J. R., Angel, R. J., and McCammon, C. A.: Structure and elasticity of
single-crystal (Mg,Fe)O and a new method of generating shear waves for
gigahertz ultrasonic interferometry, J. Geophys. Res.-Sol.
Ea., 107, ECV 4-1–ECV 4-14,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000490,
2002.
a,
b
Karki, B. B., Wentzcovitch, R. M., de Gironcoli, S., and Baroni, S.:
First-Principles Determination of Elastic Anisotropy and Wave Velocities of
MgO at Lower Mantle Conditions, Science, 286, 1705–1707,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.286.5445.1705, 1999.
a,
b,
c
Khan, A., Connolly, J. A. D., and Taylor, S. R.: Inversion of seismic and
geodetic data for the major element chemistry and temperature of the Earth's
mantle, J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea., 113, B09308,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JB005239, 2008.
a
Khan, A., Ceylan, S., Driel, M., Giardini, D., Lognonné, P., Samuel, H.,
Schmerr, N., Stähler, S., Duran, A., Huang, Q., Kim, D., Broquet, A.,
Charalambous, C., Clinton, J., Davis, P., Drilleau, M., Karakostas, F.,
Lekic, V., McLennan, S., and Banerdt, W.: Upper mantle structure of Mars from
InSight seismic data, Science, 373, 434–438,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abf2966,
2021.
a
Koelemeijer, P., Ritsema, J., Deuss, A., and van Heijst, H.-J.: SP12RTS: a
degree-12 model of shear- and compressional-wave velocity for Earth's
mantle, Geophys. J. Int., 204, 1024–1039,
https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggv481, 2015.
a
Kono, Y., Irifune, T., Higo, Y., Inoue, T., and Barnhoorn, A.:
P-
V-
T relation
of MgO derived by simultaneous elastic wave velocity and in situ X-ray
measurements: A new pressure scale for the mantle transition region, Phys. Earth Planet. In., 183, 196–211,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2010.03.010, 2010.
a,
b,
c
Lei, W., Ruan, Y., Bozdağ, E., Peter, D., Lefebvre, M., Komatitsch, D., Tromp,
J., Hill, J., Podhorszki, N., and Pugmire, D.: Global adjoint
tomography—model GLAD-M25, Geophys. J. Int., 223, 1–21,
https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa253, 2020.
a
Li, B., Woody, K., and Kung, J.: Elasticity of MgO to 11 GPa with an
independent absolute pressure scale: Implications for pressure calibration,
J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea., 111, B11206,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JB004251, 2006.
a,
b,
c
Lin, J.-F., Jacobsen, S. D., Sturhahn, W., Jackson, J. M., Zhao, J., and Yoo,
C.-S.: Sound velocities of ferropericlase in the Earth's lower mantle,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L22304,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL028099, 2006.
a
Lin, J.-F., Vankó, G., Jacobsen, S. D., Iota, V., Struzhkin, V. V.,
Prakapenka, V. B., Kuznetsov, A., and Yoo, C.-S.: Spin Transition Zone in
Earth's Lower Mantle, Science, 317, 1740–1743,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1144997, 2007.
a
Marquardt, H. and Thomson, A. R.: Experimental elasticity of Earth’s deep
mantle, Nat. Rev. Earth Environ., 1, 455–469,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-020-0077-3, 2020.
a,
b,
c,
d
Marquardt, H., Speziale, S., Reichmann, H. J., Frost, D. J., and Schilling,
F. R.: Single-crystal elasticity of (Mg
0.9Fe
0.1)O to 81 GPa,
Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 287, 345–352,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2009.08.017, 2009.
a
Marquardt, H., Gleason, A., Marquardt, K., Speziale, S., Miyagi, L., Neusser,
G., Wenk, H.-R., and Jeanloz, R.: Elastic properties of MgO nanocrystals and
grain boundaries at high pressures by Brillouin scattering, Phys. Rev. B, 84,
064131,
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.84.064131, 2011.
a
Marquardt, H., Buchen, J., Mendez, A. S. J., Kurnosov, A., Wendt, M.,
Rothkirch, A., Pennicard, D., and Liermann, H.-P.: Elastic Softening of
(Mg
0.8Fe
0.2)O Ferropericlase Across the Iron Spin Crossover
Measured at Seismic Frequencies, Geophys. Res. Lett., 45,
6862–6868,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL077982, 2018.
a
Matas, J., Bass, J., Ricard, Y., Mattern, E., and Bukowinski, M. S. T.: On the
bulk composition of the lower mantle: predictions and limitations from
generalized inversion of radial seismic profiles, Geophys. J.
Int., 170, 764–780,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03454.x, 2007.
a
Matsui, M., Parker, S. C., and Leslie, M.: The MD simulation of the equation of
state of MgO: Application as a pressure calibration standard at high
temperature and high pressure, Am. Mineral., 85, 312–316,
https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2000-2-308, 2000.
a
Mattern, E., Matas, J., Ricard, Y., and Bass, J.: Lower mantle composition and
temperature from mineral physics and thermodynamic modelling, Geophys.
J. Int., 160, 973–990,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2004.02549.x,
2005.
a
Moulik, P. and Ekström, G.: An anisotropic shear velocity model of the
Earth's mantle using normal modes, body waves, surface waves and long-period
waveforms, Geophys. J. Int., 199, 1713–1738,
https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggu356, 2014.
a
Murakami, M., Ohishi, Y., Hirao, N., and Hirose, K.: Elasticity of MgO to 130 GPa: Implications for lower mantle mineralogy, Earth Planet. Sc.
Lett., 277, 123–129,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2008.10.010, 2009.
a,
b,
c,
d,
e,
f,
g,
h,
i,
j,
k,
l,
m,
n,
o,
p
Murakami, M., Ohishi, Y., Hirao, N., and Hirose, K.: A perovskitic lower mantle
inferred from high-pressure, high-temperature sound velocity data, Nature,
485, 90–94,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11004, 2012.
a,
b,
c,
d
Ohno, I.: FREE VIBRATION OF A RECTANGULAR PARALLELEPIPED CRYSTAL AND ITS
APPLICATION TO DETERMINATION OF ELASTIC CONSTANTS OF ORTHORHOMBIC CRYSTALS,
J. Phys. Earth, 24, 355–379,
https://doi.org/10.4294/jpe1952.24.355,
1976.
a
Rijal, A., Cobden, L., Trampert, J., Jackson, J. M., and Valentine, A.:
Inferring material properties of the lower mantle minerals using Mixture
Density Networks, Phys. Earth Planet. In., 319,
106784,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2021.106784, 2021.
a,
b,
c,
d,
e,
f,
g
Sangster, M. J. L., Peckham, G., and Saunderson, D. H.: Lattice dynamics of
magnesium oxide, J. Phys. C, 3, 1026–1036,
https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3719/3/5/017, 1970.
a,
b,
c
Simmons, N. A., Forte, A. M., Boschi, L., and Grand, S. P.: GyPSuM: A joint
tomographic model of mantle density and seismic wave speeds, J.
Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea., 115, B12310,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JB007631, 2010.
a
Sinogeikin, S. V. and Bass, J. D.: Single-crystal elasticity of pyrope and
MgO to 20 GPa by Brillouin scattering in the diamond cell, Phys.
Earth Planet. In., 120, 43–62,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9201(00)00143-6, 2000.
a,
b,
c,
d,
e
Sinogeikin, S. V., Jackson, J. M., O'Neill, B., Palko, J. W., and Bass,
J. D.: Compact high-temperature cell for Brillouin scattering measurements,
Rev. Sci. Instrum., 71, 201–206,
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1150183,
2000.
a,
b,
c,
d
Solomatova, N., Jackson, J., Sturhahn, W., Wicks, J., Zhao, J., Toellner, T.,
Kalkan, B., and Steinhardt, W.: Equation of state and spin crossover of
(Mg,Fe)O at high pressure, with implications for explaining topographic
relief at the core-mantle boundary, Am. Mineral., 101, 1084–1093,
https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2016-5510, 2016.
a
Speziale, S., Lee, V. E., Clark, S. M., Lin, J. F., Pasternak, M. P., and
Jeanloz, R.: Effects of Fe spin transition on the elasticity of (Mg, Fe)O
magnesiowüstites and implications for the seismological properties of the
Earth's lower mantle, J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea., 112, B10212,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JB004730, 2007.
a
Stixrude, L. and Lithgow-Bertelloni, C.: Thermodynamics of mantle minerals –
I. Physical properties, Geophys. J. Int., 162, 610–632,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2005.02642.x, 2005.
a,
b,
c,
d,
e,
f,
g
Stixrude, L. and Lithgow-Bertelloni, C.: Thermodynamics of mantle minerals –
II. Phase equilibria, Geophys. J. Int., 184, 1180–1213,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04890.x, 2011.
a,
b,
c,
d,
e,
f
Sturhahn, W., Jackson, J. M., and Lin, J.-F.: The spin state of iron in
minerals of Earth's lower mantle, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GL022802, 2005.
a,
b
Sumino, Y., Ohno, I., Goto, T., and Kumazawa, M.: MEASUREMENT OF ELASTIC
CONSTANTS AND INTERNAL FRICTIONS ON SINGLE-CRYSTAL MgO BY RECTANGULAR
PARALLELEPIPED RESONANCE, J. Phys. Earth, 24, 263–273,
https://doi.org/10.4294/jpe1952.24.263, 1976.
a,
b
Sumino, Y., Anderson, O. L., and Suzuki, I.: Temperature coefficients of
elastic constants of single crystal MgO between 80 and 1,300 K, Phys.
Chem. Miner., 9, 38–47,
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00309468, 1983.
a,
b
Trampert, J., Vacher, P., and Vlaar, N.: Sensitivities of seismic velocities to
temperature, pressure and composition in the lower mantle, Phys.
Earth Planet. In., 124, 255–267,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9201(01)00201-1, 2001.
a
Trampert, J., Deschamps, F., Resovsky, J., and Yuen, D.: Probabilistic
Tomography Maps Chemical Heterogeneities Throughout the Lower Mantle,
Science, 306, 853–856,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1101996, 2004.
a
Wentzcovitch, R. M., Karki, B. B., Cococcioni, M., and de Gironcoli, S.:
Thermoelastic Properties of
MgSiO
3-Perovskite:
Insights on the Nature of the Earth's Lower Mantle, Phys. Rev. Lett., 92,
018501,
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.018501, 2004.
a
Wentzcovitch, R. M., Justo, J. F., Wu, Z., da Silva, C. R. S., Yuen, D. A., and
Kohlstedt, D.: Anomalous compressibility of ferropericlase throughout the
iron spin cross-over, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 106,
8447–8452,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0812150106, 2009.
a
Wentzcovitch, R., Yu, Y., and Wu, Z.: Thermodynamic Properties and Phase
Relations in Mantle Minerals Investigated by First Principles Quasiharmonic
Theory, Rev. Mineral. Geochem., 71, 59–98,
https://doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2010.71.4, 2010a.
a,
b,
c
Wentzcovitch, R. M., Wu, Z., and Carrier, P.: First Principles Quasiharmonic
Thermoelasticity of Mantle Minerals, Rev. Mineral. Geochem.,
71, 99–128,
https://doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2010.71.5, 2010b.
a,
b,
c,
d,
e,
f
Yeheskel, O., Chaim, R., Shen, Z., and Nygren, M.: Elastic moduli of grain
boundaries in nanocrystalline MgO ceramics, J. Mater. Res.,
20, 719–725,
https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.2005.0094, 2005.
a
Zha, C.-S., Mao, H.-K., and Hemley, R. J.: Elasticity of MgO and a primary
pressure scale to 55 GPa, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA,
97, 13494–13499,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.240466697, 2000.
a,
b,
c,
d,
e,
f,
g,
h,
i,
j,
k,
l,
m,
n,
o,
p,
q,
r,
s,
t
