European Journal of Mineralogy
European Journal of Mineralogy
European Journal of Mineralogy
Articles | Volume 35, issue 2
Articles | Volume 35, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-243-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-243-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 35, issue 2
Research article
 | 
05 Apr 2023
Research article |  | 05 Apr 2023

A framework for quantitative in situ evaluation of coupled substitutions between H+ and trace elements in natural rutile

Mona Lueder, Renée Tamblyn, and Jörg Hermann

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Latest update: 01 Nov 2025
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Short summary
Although rutile does not have water in its chemical formula, it can contain trace amounts. We applied a new measurement protocol to study water incorporation into rutile from eight geological environments. H2O in natural rutile can be linked to six crystal defects, most importantly to Ti3+ and Fe3+. Quantifying the H2O in the individual defects can help us understand relationships of trace elements in rutile and might give us valuable information on the conditions under which the rock formed.
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(Ultra)high-pressure metamorphism, from crystal to orogenic...