Articles | Volume 33, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-221-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-221-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
27 Apr 2021
Research article |
| 27 Apr 2021
| 27 Apr 2021
A gemmological study of the reliquary crown of Namur, Belgium
Yannick Bruni
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Laboratory of Mineralogy, University of Liège B18, 4000
Liège, Belgium
Frédéric Hatert
Laboratory of Mineralogy, University of Liège B18, 4000
Liège, Belgium
Philippe George
Liège Treasure of the Cathedral, Rue Bonne Fortune 6, 4000
Liège, Belgium
Hélène Cambier
Musée Diocésain, Cathédrale Saint-Aubain, Place Saint
Aubain, 5000 Namur, Belgium
David Strivay
European Centre of Archaeometry, University of Liège B15,
4000 Liège, Belgium
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Ardennite is a rare Mn-rich aluminosilicate that was originally described in Salmchâteau, Belgium. In the last few years, new samples of ardennites have been found at several localities close to Salmchâteau. These samples were analysed by electron microprobe, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy. The results given in this paper allow us to identify the main substitution mechanisms that occur in Belgian ardennites and to discuss the nomenclature of the ardennite group.
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We report the description and the characterization of a new mineral species, found in a rock sample from the geological formation called the Pilanesberg Complex, South Africa. This is a silicate mineral that contains a significant amount of sodium, calcium, iron, titanium and fluorine. Its atomic structure shows that it is related to other wöhlerite-group minerals. This work provides new insights into the crystallization conditions that ruled the formation of the Pilanesberg complex.
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There are unresolved problems related to the nomenclature and identification of mineral species belonging to the triphylite group of minerals. They can be solved by discarding the traditional views on succession of mineral species during oxidation. In other words, it is necessary to separate the concepts of the origin of the mineral and the boundaries of the species.
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Short summary
The reliquary crown, hosted in the diocesan museum of Namur (Belgium), was produced during the beginning of the 13th century. This beautiful piece of goldsmithery is decorated with approximately 400 pearls and coloured stones which were investigated by Raman and pXRF techniques. Emeralds, pink spinels, sapphires, almandine garnets, turquoises, and pearls were identified. The gemstones, contemporary with the crown, probably arrived in Europe by the silk trade road.
The reliquary crown, hosted in the diocesan museum of Namur (Belgium), was produced during the...
